As HIV infection and AIDS is becoming more visible, a need for a comprehensive book about the subject is being felt. This book is an attempt to fill that void. What is the load of infection in our population, how can the disease manifests, how to prevent and suppress it are some of the questions, which come to our mind and which are answered in this book. The role of reproductive tract infection and sexually transmitted diseases in enhancing HIV infection is emphasized. Counseling is required before testing and after disclosing the results to the patient. Even if the result is negative counseling regarding prevention of the infection is necessary. This vital topic is dealt with in detail.