The boundaries of critical care medicine are ever expanding, and it is difficult to keep up with this continuous evolution in all the areas. This first collection of topics; some old with a new look, and some new topics, and yet some more which threaten to transform the practice of critical care medicine; is a reflection of the continuous upheaval in our field. “The only constant is the change”, as our old sages said, remains true to this day and will remain so forever. By the time this book reaches the readers, we hope it remains relevant still and guide some aspect of your day-to-day practice. We have contacted the doyens from various fields and requested them give us a glimpse of what’s new in their areas of expertise. For example, we will be confronting the entry of the new entity Artificial Intelligence (AI) soon, as the experts try to take baby steps to see how to make this new aid relevant to our practice. In the 1990s, when first introduced, the radiologists were told that they will not be required to practice any longer, and this threat fizzled out almost immediately. The old axiom that Man behind the Machine is the most important, continues to be true. However, any and all assistance is always welcome, in the complex situations we face in Critical Care Medicine. Thus, we will find out how to use AI in our practice in the near future, hopefully.