This thoroughly revised edition builds on the success of its 2018 third release, preserving its learner-focused, exam‑oriented approach while integrating major clinical and diagnostic advancements. The thyroid chapter now features TIRADS classification and Cernea’s anatomical description of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The breast surgery content has been completely restructured to reflect the growing role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Updates include the addition of hydatid cyst in liver pathology differentials, enhanced coverage of HPV testing, core biopsy, and robotic techniques for carcinoma of unknown primary, as well as expanded sections on soft-tissue sarcoma, parotid tumors, and cervical lymph node management. The vascular surgery chapters have been comprehensively overhauled. Enriched with new illustrations, flowcharts, and clinical photographs, this edition ensures visually engaging and clinically up-to-date learning for both undergraduate and postgraduate general surgery students.