The human ability to maintain orientation and equilibrium, though often unnoticed in good health, is the result of an extraordinarily complex and finely tuned system. At the heart of this lies the vestibular apparatus—small in size, yet remarkable in function—an engineering marvel. Its disruption, however, can be both sudden and profoundly disabling, leading to distressing symptoms such as vertigo, imbalance, and even syncope. Disorders of balance and consciousness remain a diagnostic challenge due to their diverse etiologies and overlapping presentations. Vertigo alone accounts for a substantial proportion of outpatient consultations across multiple specialties, while syncope, often under-recognized, can stem from a wide range of cardiovascular, neurological, and systemic causes. For the clinician, deciphering these symptoms requires not only a firm grasp of anatomy and physiology but also a structured clinical approach. This second edition of “Monograph: Vertigo and Syncope” is an effort to equip practitioners with a comprehensive yet practical guide to these common but complex presentations. With updated content and reorganized chapters, it offers insights into vestibular structure and function, methods of clinical evaluation, central and peripheral vestibular disorders, and current management strategies.