This book will serve as an ideal textbook for both teachers and to the students. A sincere effort is made to cover the present syllabus framed by Indian Nursing Council (INC) and varied universities for undergraduate and postgraduate nursing programs. Lucid and simple language is used which makes easy for the student to understand and, comprehend, the, subject. The, core, content, is, drawn, from authentic, sources and, the, first edition. The book is revised in view to add additional suitable information as per the syllabus.