These cases are collection of interesting case studies in day-to-day clinical practice of pulmonary medicine in Indian scenario. Each case follows a step-by-step approach which includes good history points, salient findings in physical examination and relevant investigations for diagnosis. There are many radiological images of interesting cases which will make the reading extremely interesting. Treatment of cases is also discussed. Each case report is also followed by discussion of the salient features of pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment in light of current evidence-based knowledge. These interesting cases included various diffuse Parenchymal lung diseases, Tuberculosis including MDR and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), Pleural diseases, Lung infection, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and Thoracic malignancies. Cases with rare presentation such as Alveolar microlithiasis, Pulmonary sequestration, Chilaiditi syndrome, Endobronchial polyp, Carcinoid syndrome and Lympho tracheal fistula which are generally difficult to diagnose are also included.